Contents

functions of the Respiratory system The circulation of wait from the nose to the lungs Roots, suffixes, and prefixes Cancer emphasis Related Abbreviations and also Acronyms additional Resources

Functions of the respiratory System

The main function of the Respiratory mechanism is the inhalation offresh oxygen (O2) necessary by the body"s cells and the exhalationof waste carbon dioxide (CO2). It additionally helps keep bodytemperature and eliminate overfill water indigenous the body. TheRespiratory system is dependency on the ideal functioning of thecirculatory mechanism as the O2 and waste CO2 are carried in theblood stream.

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The circulation of wait from the nose to the lungs

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The noseis a PASSAGEWAY for AIR and is likewise asensory organ. The warms and moistens air, and also hair likeprocesses (cilia) filter the air before it will the lungs.The pharynxor "throat" is a funnel shame tubeacting as a passage means for air and also food. The lowest portion ofthe pharynx join the esophagus (food tube).The larynxor "voice box" is lined v mucousmembrane, two folds of membrane division the larynx in two,between these is the GLOTTIS which is the narrowest part of theair passage. The glottis is defended by a lid the fibrocartilage (the EPIGLOTTIS), this closes over the glottis whenyou swallow.The tracheaor "windpipe" is a tube created ofcartilage and also lined with mucus membrane lied in former of theesophagus. The trachea diverges into the right and also left bronchi.The bronchi space "C" shaped ring of cartilagelined v ciliated rubber membrane the "sweeps" the end dustparticles. The bronchi branch into secondary BRONCHI as theyenter the lungs, these more divide into BRONCHIOLES. As thesecondary bronchi and also bronchioles division the wall surfaces becomethinner and an ext elastic, branching right into minute ALVEOLI whichtransfer gases in the lungs.The lungsare the main organ the respiration. Inthe lungs numerous ALVEOLI and also blood Capillaries exchangeOxygen and also carbon dioxide. Each lung is housed in a separatePLEURAL CAVITY (which subsequently are located in the bigger THORACICCAVITY). PLEURA room SACS the membrane that line the pleuralcavity come lessen friction brought about by breathing.The diaphragmis the key muscle of respirationlocated at the basic of the thoracic cavity. The muscle contractsand flattens so that the thorax and also lungs have room because that incomingair leading to you come INHALE, it then relaxes leading to you come EXHALE.

Roots, suffixes, and prefixes

Most medical terms are comprised of a root word to add a suffix (word ending) and/or a prefix (beginning that the word). Here are some instances related to the respiratory tract System. For much more details see Chapter 4: understanding the components of medical Terminology

componentmeaningexample A-lack of anosmia = lack of the feeling of smellPNEA-breath dyspnea = daunting or pains breathingBRONCH-bronchi Bronchoscope = instrument to examine the bronchiLARYNG-larynx laryngitis = inflammation the the larynxPULMO-lung pulmonary metastases = lung secondariesPNEUM-lung / waiting pneumonia = serious infection the the lungsRHINO-nose rhinoplasty = cosmetic surgery, a "nose job"

Cancer Focus

Lung Cancer OverviewLung cancer is among the many common types of cancer. The lungs are a pair that cone-shaped organs situated inside the chest, they bring oxygen right into the body and take out waste carbon dioxide. There is a strong link in between smoking and also lung cancer. There space two main categories that lung cancer; tiny Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) , and also Non-Small cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). World-wide end 1 million world are diagnosed through lung cancer every year. Web Resources because that Lung CancerSmall cabinet Lung CancerSmall cabinet Lung Cancer (SCLC) accounts for one 4 minutes 1 of all lung cancers. SCLC is likewise known together "oat cell" carcinoma because of the form of the cancer cells. Net Resources for small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)Non-Small cabinet Lung CancerNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about three soldier of all lung cancers. Contained in the NSCLC group of cancers are a) Squamous cell, or epidermoid, cancer which occurs from cells that line the prayer - this is the most common type of lung cancer; b) Adenocarcinoma which arises in the mucus-producing cells the line the upper airways; and c) big cell carcinoma. Internet Resources because that Non-Small cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)Causes of Lung CancerIt is estimated that around 85% of lung cancers are caused by smoking, the is usually found in world who smoke or who used to acting cigarettes. Lung cancer is also associated through passive smoking and exposure to radon (a radiation gas). Web Resources because that SmokingHead and Neck CancerHead and also neck cancers are malignancies emerging in the upper aerodigestive street (this includes: lip, tongue, outstanding glands, mouth, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, nasal cavity, and also larynx). Laryngeal (voice-box) cancer is the most frequent type, bookkeeping for around a quarter of head and neck cancers. Web Resources because that Head and also Neck CancerLaryngeal CancerLaryngeal cancer is a malignancy emerging in the organization of the larynx (voicebox). Human being who smoke have actually a higher risk of occurring the disaese. Most laryngeal cancers room of squamous cabinet histology, these can be categorised as either keratinizing or non-keratinizing. There are a variety of other non-squamous cell laryngeal cancers. Web Resources because that Laryngeal CancerNasal, Paranasal, and also Nasopharynx Cancer internet Resources for Nasal CancerOral cavity, Lip, salient gland Cancer net Resources for dental cavity Cancer

Related Abbreviations and Acronyms

ENTEar sleep throatFEVForced expectorant volume (a lung test)IASLCInternational Association for the research of Lung CancerNSCLCNon-small cabinet lung cancerSCLCSmall cell lung cancerSPOHNCSupport for world with Oral and also Head and Neck CancerURTIUpper respiratory tract tract infectionVEFVentricular ejection fraction (tests lung function)

Further sources (3 links)

Respiratory system

SEER, national Cancer InstitutePart the a SEER training module for cancer it is registered staff.

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Respiratory system - me Test concerns

WebAnatomy, university of MinnesotaTest your anatomy knowledge with this interactive questions. Has different question species and answers.

The respiratory tract System

Paul AndersenPaul Andersen start this video with a description of the respiratory surface. He explains how worms, insects, fish and also mammals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. He then tours the major organs that the respiratory tract system; indigenous the pharynx to the trachea, bronchus, bronchiole and also alveoli. He additionally explains exactly how oxygen is brought on the hemoglobin and how carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate.